Method and means for dyeing fur-skins.



H. C. LUBARSKY.

METHOD RND MEANS FOR DYEING FUR SKINS. I

APPLICATION FIILED OCT-5. l9l6.

Patented May 8; 1917 2 SHEETS-SHEET l H. C. LUBARSKY.

METHOD AND MEANS FOR DYEING FUR SKINS. APPLICATION FILED OCT-5,1916.

1,25,%?@ Patented. May 8, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- HARRY G. LUBARSKY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD AND MEANS FOR DYEING FUR-SKINS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

E l l in Patented May 8, 1917.

Application filed October 5, 1916. Serial No. 123,879.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HARRY C. LUBARSKY, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State ofPennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Methods and Means forDyeing Fur-Skins, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an eiiicient method and meansfor dyeing fur skins in a rapid and uniform manner, with a minimum costfor material and labor.

With the stated object in View, my invention consists in supporting thefurs upon an endless traveling carrier, subjecting them to a suitablebrushing of the fur with dye liquor or material'during their travelunder a dye applying brush or brushes, and finally conveying both thecarrier surface and dyed skins into a drying chamber where the moistureis driven oh" and removed, the skins being discharged from the carrierand the latter in a dried condition returned to the initial position toreceive additional skins to be dyed, whereby the body or leatherportions may be unacted upon by wet dye, and the dye applied to the hairof the skins is rubbed well in and upon the outer or end portionsthereof and to such extent inwardly, as may be desired, the brushingbeing in the direction from the roots outward to the hair tips.

My invention further consists in special features of the method andmeans which, together with those above stated, will be better understoodby reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevationof an apparatus embodying my invention and in which my improved methodof dyeing may be eli'ected, the said sectional view being taken on line00-00 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, the top of the closeddrying chamber being removed to show the interior construction; Fig. 3is a plan view showing a modification of the dye applying means; andFig. at is an elevation of adjusting means.

2 is the drying chamber and is provided at one end with an opening 3leading into a secondary chamber 4, and through which the endlesscarrier belt 5 travels. This belt 5 may be of any suitable material orconstruction and passes about a large driven drum the belt carrier.

6 within the chamber 4 and a smaller drum 7 within the chamber 2 andlocated at its rear portion. The large drum 6 is journaled in fixedbearings 8, whereas the smaller drum 7 is journaled in adjustablebearings 9, so that said drums may be moved apart to stretch the endlessbelt carrier 5. The means I prefer to make the adjustment, comprises thecross bar 11, rods 10 from the ends of said bar to the respective boxes9, and an adjusting screw 12 screwed through the bar and having its endabutting a plate 12 on the end of the chamber 2. At each side of theupper layer of the belt 5, I provide a guide board 13 to prevent theskins from sliding sidewise from off the carrier. At the end of thechamber 2, where the upper part of the belt carrier enters, there is ashallow opening 14, just sufficient for the skins to freely pass intothe chamber.

The chamber 2 is provided with means for heating it and for exhaustingthe moist air therefrom. The heating means comprise the steam heatedcoils 15 near the bottom and rear portion, and steam coils 16 arrangednearthe roof of the chamber. At the rear of the chamber and transverselythereof is a discharge passage 17 through which the skins may beconveyed'from the carrier 5 to and upon a conveyer 18 to transport themto the place where they are to be received for finishing. As shown, thedischargepassage 17 has an internal inclined guide 17 extending close tothe belt carrier 5 at the rear of the drum 7, so as to directly receivethe skins as they are delivered from The chamber 2 is further shown asprovided with an inlet for air at 19, but this is not essential in viewof the presence of the discharge opening 17 which will permit theentrance of air; however, the opening 19 delivers the air close to theheating coils 15 and below the belt carrier, and hence in a bettercondition and position for the purpose of drying the belt carrier beforeit leaves the chamber 2. The moist air from the chamber is withdrawnthrough the outlet 20 leading to the suction of an exhaust fan 21, whichmay be driven by belt 22 from the shaft 8 of the drum 6, or otherwise,as desired. It will be noted that the outlet 20 comprises a tubeextending into the middle of the chamber 2 and between the upper andlower portions of the carrier 5,

so as to cause the heated air to traverse the belt surface andthoroughly dry it of any dye before it emerges for receivingv freshskins to be dyed. It is essential that the belt I slowly rather thanrapidly, so that the dye may penetrate the hair more uniformly, andespecially so when the dye liquor is only brushed upon and rubbed intothe fur of the skin in the quantity required and not upon the leather orbody portion.

I will now describe the means preferred forapplying the dye liquor ormaterial.

' The skins are laid upon the table 33 in front of the receivingend ofthe belt carrier 5,

where it passes about the top of the drum 6, and are guided insuccession between the carrier 5' and roller 32 which turns back the furand exposes the full length of the hair, from the roots outwardly. Thefur is nextv acted upon by the dye applying brush 26 which is a strongbristle brush for brushing the dye material upon and into the hair por-The dye is thus applied to and'then brushed along the hairs as they aresuccessivelyreleased by the drag roll 32. In this way all of the hair ofthe skin has the dye intimately applied in an effective manner. 1 Thedye may be supplied to the brush in any suitable manner, and by way ofexample. Ihave shown a dye tank 27 with a curved bottom portion-providedwith fine perforations 28 through which the dye liquor'or materialpassesin regulated quantities to the bristles of the brush 26. The tank27 may have a partition 27 above the perforated part 28 and the dyeadmitted through thepartition. by a regulating valve 27'. Any othermanner of supplying the dye liquor to the brush may be employed, if sodesired. The brush 26 is driven by a pinion 25 meshing with a large gear23 on the shaft of the drum 6,,but

it is manifest that the special means for-ro-v tating the brush isimmaterial to the essence :of the invention. The drum6 and entiremachine may be driven by power applying driving means 24 engaglng thegear. 23 of the drum, 1f so desired.

.To insure the more unlform application of I the dye to the hair or furof the skins, I

preferto employ a second brush 29 and drag roller 31 to treat the'skinsimmediately after the first dyeing operation, and these I arrangebetween the brush 26 andthe entrance 1. The secondary brush 29 is notrequired to. be supplied with dye liquor, as its function is to rub inand distribute more thoroughly the dye which has been applied by thebrush 26. The drag roller 31 acts as in the case of the roller 32, inholding back the hair to expose the side surface of the hair down. tothe roots thereof. This brush 29 may therefore be considered as afinishing brush and may be 'run at any speed desired. As shown, it isdriven by chain dri e from the brush 29-,but I do not restrict myself inthis respect. If desired, the finishing brush may be intwo parts asshown inFig. 3 at 29*, they being geared .together at 3tand driven bymiter gears 35 and. 3'? and shaft 36,- in place of the chain drive 30shown in Fig. 2. I

In view of the fact that the dye is applied in a positive and forcefulmanner, the consistency of the dye liquor may be that found mostsuitable to the process and the particular skins being treated, and I inno way limit, myself by the term dye liquor to the, extent of fluidityor viscosity; but in any case no more of thedye is to be applied thanisrequired for thorough dyeing of the skins, and

-ing brush 26 would be governed accordingly. tion. As this brushrotatesin the direction contrary to the drum 6, its, under side brushesthe hair of the skin in the direction of its travel,but at a greatersurface speed.

brushes, more may be employed if so desired in cases where the skins aremore difficult to dye, and I therefore may employ any number of brushesfound desirable.

In Fig. 3, I have shown pipes 45 to supply dye liquor to the shafts ofthe brushes 29,

said pipes provided with .valves to regulate the flow. This, however, isonly 1n case a second application of dye is required or desirable uponthe hair. In this manner the extent of dye application can be governed,and as I do not restrict myself to any number of brushes, any density ofdyeing desired may be had.

As it is desirable to adjust the brushes to and from the carrier 5 togovern the extent .of application of the dye along the length ofthe-hair, I have shown means for accomphshlngthis purpose. The brushes26 and 29 are, together w1th the drag rollers 31 and '32, journaled uponframes 41 hinged at 4:2 to

the main frame l0 and adjustable vertically ,by screws 43. The hinges 42are at one end of the frames 4:1 and the adjusting screws are at theother end, and by adjustingthe latter the frames 41 may be positionedhigher or lower to similarly adjust the 136 brushes to a greater or lessdistance from the belt conveyer 5, so that they may apply the dye to alesser or greater extent upon the length of the hair.

In some kinds of skins it is desirable to have the dye upon the hairextend only part way in toward the leather body, such for example asthose intended to imitate seal, for example, while in other cases 'it isdesirable to dye not only the hair but the hair side of the skin itself,and these results are secured by proper adjustment of the frames 41, asabove described.

It Will be understood that the skins do not fully cover the surface ofthe belt carrier 5, and consequently the dye applying brush 26 may undersome conditions 0 operation apply dye liquor to the surface of thecarrier as Well as to the skin; and if this'application of the wet dyeto the carrier be not nullified before the surface again receives askin, the said skin would be injured upon its under or flesh side bysplotchy dyeing. To prevent this, the surface of the endless beltcarrier is thoroughly dried in its travel through the drying chamber 2,and hence returns to its initial receiving position at table 33 in a drycondition. If desired, the carrier may be Washed from time to time toremove any excess accumulations of dye material, should such occur inobjectionable quantity.

I have now described my improved a pparatus and method by use thereof,for the purpose of dyeing fur skins in a speedy, economical andeificient manner, and While I prefer the same, I do not restrict myselfto the minor details, as these may -be changed or modified withoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein described method of dyeing fur skins, which consists inlaying the skins fur side up upon a traveling carrier, brushing into thehair of the skins a dye material, transferring the carrier and skinsinto a drying atmosphere, discharging the dyed skins, returning thecarrier in a dried con.- dition to the initial position and repeatingthe operation.

2. The herein described method of dyeing fur skins, which consists inlaying the skins fur side up upon a traveling carrier, successivelypressing back the hair of the skins to expose the sides of the hairs asthe skins are conveyed by the carrier, brushing upon the exposed hairsat their free ends alone and at a distance from the skin surface a dyematerial, transferring the carrier and skins into a drying atmosphere,discharging the dyed skins, returning the carrier in a dried conditionto the initial position and repeating the operation.

1 ing the carrier in a dried condition to the 3. The herein describedmethod of dyeing fur skins, which consists in laying the skins fur sideup upon a traveling carrier, brushing into the hair of the skins a dyematerial, thoroughly distributing the dye applied by 79 the brushingoperation by a second brushing operation, transferring the carrier andskins into a drying atmosphere, discharging the dyed skins, returningthe carrier in a dried condition to the initial position and repeatingthe operation.

4. The herein described method of dyeing fur skins, which consists inlaying the skins fur side up upon a traveling carrier, successivelypressing back the hair of the skins to expose the sides of the hairs asthe skins are conveyed by the carrier, brushing upon the exposed hair attheir free ends alone and at a distance from the skin surface a dyematerial, thoroughly distributing the 35 dye applied by the brushingoperation by a second brushing operation, transferring the carrier andskins into a drying atmosphere, discharging the dyed skins,returninitial position and repeating the operation.

5. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, a rotating dye applying brush arranged transversely of thecarrier outside of the drying chamber, and means for supplying the brushwith a dye material whereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by thecarrier under the brush, and means for heating and drying the carriersurface before returning to position under the brush.

6. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, a rotating dye applying brush arranged transversely of thecarrier outside of the drying chamber, means for supplying the brushwith a dye material whereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by thecarrier under the brush, a drag roll parallel to the brush and closethereto for laying back the hair of skins while the dye material isbeing applied by the brush, and means for heating and drying the carriersurface before returning to position under the brush.

7. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, a rotating dye apdye applying brush and the drying cham- 13a apoint outside the same,

ing brush her, and means for heating and drying the carrier surfacebefore returning to position under the brush.

8. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, plying brush arranged transversely of the carrier outside ofthe drying chamber, means for supplying the brush with a dye materialwhereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by the carrier under thebrush, a drag roll parallel to the brush and close thereto for layingback the hair of skins while the dye material is being applied by thebrush, a second brush. for distributing the applied dye on the articleinterposed between the dye applying brush and the dry- .ing chamber, asecond drag roll interposed between the two brushes for laying back thedyed fur to enable the second 'or finishto act upon the sides of thehair above the surface of the skin, and means for heating and drying thecarrier surface before returning to position under the brush.

9. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber an endlessbelt carrier guided through the-chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, means for putting the endless carrier under tension, arotating dye applying brush arranged transversely of the carrier outsideof the drying chamber, means for supplying the brush with a dye materialwhereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by the carrier under thebrush, and means for heating and drying the carrier surface beforereturning to position under the brush.

10. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a rotating, dyeapplying brush arranged transversely of the carrier outside of thedrying chamber, means for supplying the brush with a dye materialwhereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by the carrier under thebrush, means for heating anddrying the carrier surface before returningto position under the brush, and means for exhausting the drying chamberof moisture.

11. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a drying chamber, an endlessbelt carrier guided through the chamber and guided to a point outsidethe same, a rotating dye applying brush arranged transversely of thecarrier outside of the drying chamber, means for supplying the brushWith a dye material whereby it may be applied to skins conveyed by thecarrier under the brush, a

drag roll parallel to the brush and close a rotating dye ap dyesupplied.

the surface of the skin, means for heating and drying the carriersurface before re turning to position under the brush, and means forexhausting the moist air from the drying chamber and admitting fresh airthereto.

chamber, a second drag roll interposed 12. In dyeing apparatus, thecombination of a heated drying chamber, an endless belt carrier passingthrough said chamber and to an exposed position outside thereof, guidesfor the sides of the carrier within the chamber, material to skins uponthe carrier at its ex posed position outside of the chamber, means toapply dye material to the brush devices, and power means for propellingthe carrier and rotating the brush devices. 13. In dyeing apparatus, thecombination of a heated drying chamber, an endless belt carrier passingthrough said chamber and to an exposed position outside thereof, guidesfor the sides of the carrier within the chamber, brush devices forapplying dye material to skins upon the carrier at its exposed positionoutside of the chamber, exhausting devices for withdrawing the moist airfrom thechamber and admitting fresh air thereto, means to apply dyematerial to the brush devices, and power means for propelling thecarrier and rotating the brush devices.

- 14:. In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a carrier for conveyingthe skins, a rotary .dye applying brush arranged close to the carrier,means to supply dye to the brush, and means to regulate the supply of15; In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a carrier for conveying theskins, a rotary dye applying brush arranged close to the carrier, meansto supply dye to the brush, means to regulate the supply of dyesupplied, and means to put a drag upon the hair of the skins to exposethe sides ofthe hair to the brush.

16. .In dyeing apparatus, the combination of a carrier for conveying theskins, a rotary dye applying brush arranged close to the carrier, meansto' supply dye to the brush, means to regulate the supply of dyesupplied, and means for adjusting the brush and carrier relativelynearer or farther apart.

17 In dyeing apparatus, the combination with a carrier for conveying theskins, of a plurality of rotary brushes arranged to brush the fur of theskins being. conveyed by the carrier, means for supplying dye, and meansfor regulating the supply of d e.

18. In dyeing apparatus, the combination brush devices for applying dye.

with a carrier for conveying the skins, of In testimony of whichinvention, I herea plurality of rotary brushes arranged to unto set myhand.

brush the fur of the skins being conveyed HARRY C LUBARSKY by thecarrier, means for supplying dye, 5 means for adjusting the brushes andcarrier Witnesses:

relatively nearer together or farther apart, FLORENCE DEACON,

and means for regulating the supply of dye. E. W. SMITH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

